Hepatitis C is an
infectious communicable liver disease caused by Hepatitis C virus. It
cause acute and chronic infection. In chronic case it lead scarring of
the liver.
High Risk: One who have habit of injecting drugs. Blood that is transmitted from the infected person to the recipients. Baby born from Hepatitis C positive mother. Sexual contact with Hepatitis C positive partner.
Transmission: Hepatitis C virus is transmitted through the blood when contact with an infected person. It is also known as blood borne virus. Further more, it can spread through sex with an infected person and from the mother to baby during the child birth. Hepatitis C is not transmitted through breast milk, food, water, casual contact such as shaking hands, common latrines, hugging, kissing with an infected person.
Common modes of infection:Use of unscreened blood and blood products, Improper handling of infected medical equipments, Inadequate sterilization of articles like syringes and needles.
Incubation Period: Its incubation period is from two weeks to six months after being contact with the virus. Moreover eighty percent of people do not show any symptoms.
Symptoms: It is based on types of Hepatitis C. Acute Hepatitis c infection is asymptomatic and moreover persists less than 6 months. Individual infected with acute hepatitis C shows symptoms like loss of appetite, nausea, muscle or joint pain, fatigue, loss of weight and rarely acute liver failure. While on the other hand, individual with chronic Hepatitis C persists more than 6 months and shows symptoms such as fatigue, liver carcinoma, cirrhosis of liver after several years and jaundice.
Diagnosis: Hepatitis C can be detected with the diagnostic test such as ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay), PCR (Polymer Chain Reaction), Blood test to detect the presence of antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus, using an Enzyme Immune Assay if the test is positive. liver biopsies is done to determine the degree of liver damage.
Prevention:
Treatment:
Hepatitis C treatment can be done with combination of drugs. The
standard of care for Hepatitis C involves taking one of two newly
approved therapies. Sovaldi (Sofosbuvir) which is 90% effective and
Olysio (Simeprevir), Plus ribavirin and in many cases pegylated
interferon as well, Incivek(telaprevir) or victrelis (boceprevir) plus ribavirin and pegylated interferon regimens are also approved but they
are associated with more side effects not considered as preferred
regimens.High Risk: One who have habit of injecting drugs. Blood that is transmitted from the infected person to the recipients. Baby born from Hepatitis C positive mother. Sexual contact with Hepatitis C positive partner.
Transmission: Hepatitis C virus is transmitted through the blood when contact with an infected person. It is also known as blood borne virus. Further more, it can spread through sex with an infected person and from the mother to baby during the child birth. Hepatitis C is not transmitted through breast milk, food, water, casual contact such as shaking hands, common latrines, hugging, kissing with an infected person.
Common modes of infection:Use of unscreened blood and blood products, Improper handling of infected medical equipments, Inadequate sterilization of articles like syringes and needles.
Incubation Period: Its incubation period is from two weeks to six months after being contact with the virus. Moreover eighty percent of people do not show any symptoms.
Symptoms: It is based on types of Hepatitis C. Acute Hepatitis c infection is asymptomatic and moreover persists less than 6 months. Individual infected with acute hepatitis C shows symptoms like loss of appetite, nausea, muscle or joint pain, fatigue, loss of weight and rarely acute liver failure. While on the other hand, individual with chronic Hepatitis C persists more than 6 months and shows symptoms such as fatigue, liver carcinoma, cirrhosis of liver after several years and jaundice.
Diagnosis: Hepatitis C can be detected with the diagnostic test such as ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay), PCR (Polymer Chain Reaction), Blood test to detect the presence of antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus, using an Enzyme Immune Assay if the test is positive. liver biopsies is done to determine the degree of liver damage.
Prevention:
- Primary Prevention:
Hepatitis C can be prevented by the reduction of risk factors. Some of
the interventions that need to be followed are listed below:
- Screening of the blood before transfusion.
- Avoid pregnancy by Hepatitis C positive mother.
- Adequate sterilization of articles.
- Hand washing and use of gloves while handling the Hepatitis C positive person.
- Safe handling and disposal of sharps and waste.
- Training to the health personnel.
-
Secondary and Tertiary prevention: It includes
- Health education and counseling to Hepatitis C infected person for the care and treatment necessary for them.
- Early diagnosis and medical management.
- Early diagnosis of chronic liver disease by regular monitoring.
Side effects of treatment: People get flu like symptoms and emotional problems after treatment.
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